Chemical powders are a common material form in the chemical industry, widely used in various chemical production processes and products. Below are some common types of chemical powders:
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Inorganic Chemical Powders
1. Calcium Carbonate
Calcium carbonate is a widely used inorganic filler. Based on processing methods and particle size, it can be classified into ground calcium carbonate (GCC) and precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC).
- GCC: Produced by mechanically crushing and grinding natural calcium carbonate minerals. It is commonly used in industries such as plastics, rubber, paper, coatings, and inks toincrease product volume, reduce costs, and improve certain properties, such as enhancing the rigidity and hardness of plastics.
- PCC: Prepared by chemical methods, it has relatively smaller particle sizes. In rubber, it improves tensile strength and wear resistance, while in coatings, it acts as a thickener and enhances opacity.
2. Titanium Dioxide Powder
Commonly known as titanium white, titanium dioxide is an essential white pigment with high opacity, brightness, and excellent weather resistance. It is widely used in coatings, plastics, paper, and cosmetics.
- In coatings, it provides good coverage and gloss.
- In plastics, it enhances whiteness and light resistance.
- In cosmetics, it is often used as a sunscreen agent and whitening agent.
3. Kaolin Powder
Kaolin is a type of clay or clay rock primarily composed of kaolinite minerals. It has excellent plasticity, refractoriness, and insulation properties.
- In the paper industry, it is mainly used for paper coating to improve smoothness, gloss, and printability.
- In the ceramics industry, it is a key raw material for ceramic products, improving forming and sintering properties.
- It is also used as a filler and reinforcement agent in rubber and plastics.
4. Barium Sulfate Powder
Barium sulfate comes in two forms: natural barium sulfate (barite powder) and precipitated barium sulfate.
- Natural Barium Sulfate: Produced by mining and grinding.
- Precipitated Barium Sulfate: Prepared via chemical precipitation.
Barium sulfate is chemically stable, highly resistant to acids and alkalis, and has a high specific gravity.
- In coatings, it enhances water and corrosion resistance.
- In plastics, it increases density and hardness and provides some radiation shielding properties.
- In rubber, it improves wear resistance and hardness.
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Organic Chemical Powders
1. Polyethylene Powder
Polyethylene is a polymer material formed by the polymerization of ethylene monomers. Depending on the polymerization method and process conditions, it can be divided into high-density polyethylene (HDPE), low-density polyethylene (LDPE), and linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) powders.
- HDPE Powder: Known for high rigidity, hardness, and chemical resistance, it is often used to manufacture pipes and injection-molded products.
- LDPE Powder: With good flexibility, transparency, and low-temperature resistance, it is widely used in films and plastic packaging.
- LLDPE Powder: Combines some properties of HDPE and LDPE and is extensively used in films and pipes.
2. Polypropylene Powder
Polypropylene is a thermoplastic resin polymerized from propylene monomers. It is lightweight, has high mechanical strength, excellent chemical resistance, and outstanding heat resistance.
- In the pipe industry, polypropylene pipes are corrosion-resistant, wear-resistant, and have a long service life, making them ideal for water supply, drainage, and gas transportation.
- In the fiber industry, polypropylene fibers are used to produce clothing, home textiles, and geotextiles.
3.Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) Powder
PVC is a polymer material produced by the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomers. It has excellent mechanical properties, chemical resistance, and electrical insulation. By adding different additives, it can be made into soft or rigid PVC.
- Soft PVC: Flexible and elastic, used in plastic films, cable sheaths, and artificial leather.
- Rigid PVC: Hard and rigid, widely applied in construction materials such as doors, windows, pipes, and panels.
4. Polystyrene Powder
Polystyrene is a thermoplastic polymerized from styrene monomers. It is transparent, rigid, and has excellent insulation properties.
- General Polystyrene: Used in optical instruments, stationery, and daily products.
- High-Impact Polystyrene (HIPS): Has better impact resistance and is used in household appliance casings and automotive interior components.
- Expandable Polystyrene (EPS): When heated and foamed, it forms closed-cell foam plastic, which is lightweight with excellent thermal insulation, soundproofing, and cushioning properties. EPS is widely used in packaging and thermal insulation.
All the above powders can be transported using pneumatic conveying systems.
Customer Requirements
- Raw Material: Carbon black powder, density: 0.7; particle size: ≤3mm
- Conveying Capacity: 15t/h
- Conveying Distance: Horizontal: 40m, Vertical: 10m, with 6 elbows
System Design Includes:
1. Dust Removal System:
- Material: Carbon steel
- Filtration area: 64㎡
- Dimensions: 3m × 3m
- Includes air tank, pulse valve, pressure gauge, discharge valve, etc.
2. Roots Blower:
- Airflow: 3000m³/h
- Air pressure: -49kPa
- Power: 75kW
3. Pipelines (including exhaust pipes):
- Suction nozzle DN200, material: carbon steel
- Total length: 100m (including flanges, etc.)
4. Material Pump Bin:
- Material: Carbon steel
- Effective volume: 1.3m³
5. Wear-Resistant Elbows:
- Material: Carbon steel with ceramic lining
6. Control System, Instruments, Cables, Cable Trays, etc.
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Process Plan Description
1. Introduction to the Pneumatic Conveying System
The pneumatic conveying system utilizes the kinetic energy of gas to achieve the loading, unloading, and transportation of bulk materials through a negative pressure suction method. Pneumatic conveying uses sealed pipelines, offering advantages such as no dust leakage or pollution, environmental friendliness, continuous operation, and low maintenance requirements.
- Negative Pressure Pneumatic Conveying Diagram (Figure 1 attached)
2. Carbon Black Conveying Line Project Plan
2.1 Use of Roots Blower–Enhancing System Efficiency
As the power component of the carbon black transfer process, the performance of the blower directly affects the efficiency of the entire operation. This system uses a high-pressure roots blower, which offers advantages such as high airflow, high pressure, high efficiency, low noise, simple structure, easy maintenance, long service life, and wide applicability.
- Specific Parameters:
- Airflow: 3000m³/h
- Air pressure: -49kPa
- Power: 75kW
- Load: Static load: 3000kg, Dynamic load: 800kg
- Roots Blower Diagram (Figure 2 attached)
2.2 Use of Wear-Resistant Elbows–Ensuring System Reliability
In the pneumatic conveying pipeline, elbows are used at points where the material flow direction needs to change. For this project, wear-resistant elbows with a reinforced structure are used. The elbows are made of carbon steel with a ceramic lining, which reduces wear on the outer wall of the elbow, extends its service life, and ensures the normal operation of the equipment.
- Special Elbows for Granular Materials (Figure 3 attached)
2.3 Use of Fluidized Suction Nozzles–Ensuring System Stability
In this project, due to the large conveying capacity, the material at the initial section of the conveying pipe has a low movement speed, causing the material to settle against the pipe wall and enter a sliding flow state. To address this, fluidized plates are installed at the material suction inlet. These plates use air within the pipeline to fluidize and agitate the material, ensuring more uniform feeding, improved material flowability, and enhanced system stability.
- Fluidized Suction Nozzle Diagram (Figure 4 attached)
- Process Flow Diagram (Figure 5 attached)
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